TB (Tuberculosis) :Types Symptoms Causes Recovery

TB(Tuberculosis):

TB is also called tuberculosis. It is a contagious disease. It can occur in any part of the body but usually targets the lungs. Mucus cough is a special sign of TB. In severe cases, coughing up blood also occurs.When a TB patient coughs or sneezes, germs enter the air with tiny drops of saliva that enter the body of other people who breathe in the same environment and can infect them with this dangerous disease.TB is treatable. If treatment is started on time, the patient recovers. However, in case of delay, the disease worsens and the chances of recovery are limited.
Once the TB germs enter the body, they do not necessarily make a person sick. They can also remain silent or sleepy inside the body. In medical terms it is called Latent TB. People with this type of TB do not feel sick or have any symptoms. When these germs become active, then the person becomes infected with TB.The TB germs can stay dormant in a person's body for years. When the person's immune system is weakened, then they become active, that is, they get an 'open discount' and they can target any part of the body, but the lungs are their special target.

Easy targets for TB:

Some people are more likely to get the disease. These include:

٭ Young age and children Less than four years .

* People who have been infected with TB in the last two years

* HIV-infected people

* People whose immune systems are weakened by diabetes, kidney failure or any other reason

* People living near TB patients

* People working in TB treatment centers

Symptoms of TB:

The symptoms of TB depend on which part of the body is affected. The TB germs usually target the lungs. This is called pulmonary tuberculosis. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis is a form of TB that affects any part of the body other than the lungs. However, both types of TB can be found at the same time. Common symptoms of TB include fever, chills, sweating at bedtime, loss of appetite, weight loss, and fatigue. In addition, there may be swelling around the fingernails.

Symptoms of Pulmonary Tuberculosis:

TB germs target the lungs in 90% of cases after activation. Chest pain and persistent and prolonged coughing and phlegm are symptoms of TB of the lungs. However, a quarter of patients do not show any symptoms. Sometimes the mucus that comes with the cough can be mixed with blood. In very rare cases, excessive bleeding may occur. This is when the infection reaches the central artery that carries blood to the lungs.

Symptoms of extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis:

In 15 to 20% of TB cases, the infection affects other organs besides the lungs. This type of TB affects adults and young children with weakened immune systems. Patients with HIV are particularly prone to extra pulmonary tuberculosis. The rate of extra pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected people is 50%. Extra pulmonary tuberculosis mostly targets the outer membrane of the lungs, the central nervous system, the lymphatic system, the reproductive system, the bones and joints.

One type of TB is called drug resistant TB. If the TB patient is not being treated with medication, he or she is said to have developed drug-resistant TB. There are two main reasons why drugs do not work on the TB germs. One is that the affected person is not taking the prescribed amount and number of medicines regularly. Another reason may be that the person from whom the TB has been transmitted has drug resistant TB.

If a person has this type of disease then it is necessary for the doctor to change his medicine. It is usually necessary to change the medicine over and over again to see which medicine can benefit it. In this regard, the drug allergy test is extremely useful. It shows which drug a person is resistant to.

Appraisal of TB:

It is very difficult to diagnose TB based on outward symptoms. This is because the symptoms of some other diseases are similar to the symptoms of TB. The final diagnosis of TB is possible only after there is definite evidence of the presence of bacteria. Some TB tests are performed to directly detect the presence of bacteria. Other tests, such as X-rays, are performed to observe the effect of bacteria on a potential patient.

Treatment of TB:

At one time, TB was an incurable disease, and the infected person would spit blood and die. Then, in the years that followed, drugs were developed to treat TB. More than twenty drugs are now used to treat TB. In the past, the duration of TB treatment was at least one year, but now six months of treatment can get rid of the disease. The condition is that the medicine should be taken regularly throughout the period as directed by the doctor.

Medications are prescribed to the patient based on the current state of the disease. Severe side effects or side effects of some medications have been observed, making it extremely difficult for the patient to take them for long periods of time. That is why there is an urgent need for new drugs to treat TB.

TB is a treatable and curable disease. But because the drugs slowly kill the TB germs
The treatment lasts a long time - at least six months. In most cases
Treatment begins at the hospital and continues with the patient's stay at home.
As a patient, you have the right to receive support and advice throughout the course of treatment

When TB is diagnosed early, the patient can be effectively treated before the body becomes too weak
Can start Therefore, it is important that all people who do not feel well
Go and see a doctor so that the disease can be detected and treatment can start on time.
Different stages of treatment
In general, the treatment of TB is divided into the following three stages:

 1) Treatment with medicine in the hospital

 (Usually the first two weeks or more)

 2) Treatment at home, under the supervision of a health worker

 (At least six months - until you recover)

 3) Medical examination

 Sometimes up to two years after your healing

4)  Hospital treatment

Many patients have to stay in the hospital early in the treatment period.
Patients suspected of having TB that can be transmitted to others are isolated in the hospital
You have to stay in an isolated ward
More than one medicine is needed to kill the TB germs. Hospital health related
The worker can see if the medicine is working well and that you are getting better
Is. They also do tests to find out if the germs are contagious. It took time to figure it out
Can If the germs are contagious, you will need different medications, and the treatment will be a bit longer.
When your health improves and the health worker is convinced that it is different
If the medicine is effective against germs, you can leave the hospital and continue treatment at home.

Source :This info is taken from different websites on Internet